Among his notable contributions is Gupta’s recent study that was published in the May issue of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, in which he reveals the problem and solution associated with utility companies incentivizing customers to reduce their electricity usage during demand periods. 

Vijay Gupta

“Demand-side solutions are becoming more and more important to guarantee reliable power supply as demand spikes happen with increasing severity and frequency,” states Gupta. “These solutions also increase the flexibility available to the grid operators, which is especially important as renewable penetration increases in the grid.”

In 2011, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued Order 745, which allows customers who reduce demand to participate in electricity markets just as if they met that demand with generated electricity. Utility companies have been designing various payment systems ever since. However, in Gupta’s study, he reveals that the main problem with compensating customers for demand reduction is identifying the validity of the baseline demand claimed by the customers. 

There have been several documented cases of large consumers hiking up their electricity load in anticipation of a demand response, and when called upon to reduce their load, they are duly compensated for a false reduction resulting from an inaccurately reported baseline. This phenomenon is described by the California Independent System Operator Corporation in its opinion on FERC Order 745 as “phantom demand response.”

Gupta has addressed this issue by designing a contract that utility companies can use to incentivize consumers to reduce the electricity load and also ensure that an accurate baseline is reported. The contract is based on the concept of providing customers with a share of the profit that the utility company makes due to the customer reducing the demand. Gupta explains, “This contract puts money in everybody’s pocket. It incentivizes customers to not only put in maximal effort towards demand reduction, but it also discourages them from misrepresenting their baseline.” 

Complete details of the study can be found at ). Other contributors include Donya Ghavidel Dobakhshari, graduate student in the Department of Electrical Engineering.

Contact: Barbara Villarosa, business and communications program director; Center for Sustainable Energy (ND Energy), bvillaro@nd.edu, 574-631-4776; 

Originally published by Barbara Villarosa at on July 8.

Kyte is the chief executive officer of Sustainable Energy for All (), special representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Sustainable Energy for All, co-chair of UN-Energy and professor of the practice of sustainable development in the Fletcher 91��Ƶ of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. She is a leading advocate for sustainable development and drives SEforALL’s work to mobilize action toward its 2030 goals on universal energy access, energy efficiency and renewable energy. As the special representative of the secretary-general, she is the United Nations' point person for the global goal of sustainable energy. Prior to 2015, Kyte served as World Bank Group vice president and special envoy for climate change, leading integration of climate across the Bank Group’s work, as well as support for an ambitious agreement at the 21st Convention of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP 21). She was previously World Bank vice president for sustainable development and was the International Finance Corporation vice president for business advisory services.

Kyte’s keynote address, titled “Cooling, Cooking, Moving and Manufacturing: The Challenges and Opportunities in Limiting Warming to 1.5 Degrees and Ensuring Everyone has Access to Sustainable Energy,” will address the urgency for decarbonizing energy systems that work for all, especially the 1 billion people without access to electricity, the 3 billion people unable to cook cleanly and the billions more suffering from unreliable energy. This urgent call for change requires the development of new technologies, business models and systems approaches despite any bias, inertia, weak institutions and political leadership.

In addition to Kyte, the symposium will feature other invited speakers who are also advocates of developing long-term global energy solutions. They are Luciano Castillo, Kenninger Professor of Renewable Energy and Power Systems in Mechanical Engineering at Purdue University, speaking on “Renewables as a Solution to Water for Energy (W4E) in Drought-prone Regions, and Access to Energy as Means to Achieve Social Equality for Developing Countries”; Jun Chen, associate professor of mechanical engineering at Purdue University, addressing "Micro-hydropower for Powering Rural African Communities: Opportunities, Challenges, and Lessons”; Shelie Miller, Jonathan W. Bulkley Collegiate Professor of Sustainable Systems at the University of Michigan, speaking on “Understanding the Water-Energy-Food Security Nexus”; and Vijay Modi, professor of mechanical engineering at Columbia University, addressing “The United Nations Millennium Development Goals and Beyond.”

In addition to having outside speakers, the symposium will highlight Notre Dame’s research and program initiatives that support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, in particular SDG7. Speakers include , director of ND Energy, director of Actinide Center of Excellence and Massman Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences; , international sustainable development researcher of ND Energy and assistant teaching professor of physics; , program director of applied innovation at the Notre Dame Initiative for Global Development; and , associate director of the Notre Dame Environmental Change Initiative and Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative and professor of political science.  

“This is a unique opportunity to hear from some of the most influential advocates and world-renowned experts in sustainable energy,” said Burns, who met Kyte at the 2018 SEforALL Forum in Portugal, where he extended the invitation for her to visit Notre Dame. “We are delighted to have Rachel Kyte and the other speakers join us for a day of learning and exploring additional ways we can accelerate our efforts and ensure access to affordable, reliable and sustainable energy for all. The primary focus of the symposium is to understand the global energy needs and explore the various possibilities and ways to ensure we all have access to affordable, reliable and sustainable energy."

The symposium is open to the Notre Dame community and other invited guests who have expressed interest in collaborating with the University on sustainable energy research and education programs.

“The learning doesn’t stop there,” Burns said. “We have invited the entire Notre Dame community and general public to an event in the evening, so they too can learn from Ms. Kyte and experience her inspirational and exuberant message in support of all humankind.”

“An Evening with Rachel Kyte” will start at 7 p.m. in the McKenna Hall Auditorium. Hosted by ND Energy in partnership with the podcast, Ted Fox, executive administrator in the Office of the Provost at the University of Notre Dame and host of the podcast, will lead a one-hour conversation with Kyte, who will share her perspectives on what it’s like to lead an international organization; working with leaders in government, the private sector and civil society to achieve universal access to sustainable energy by 2030; and more. Doors will open at 6:30 p.m. This event is free and open to the public.

For questions or more information regarding the symposium and public event, contact Barbara Villarosa, business and communications program director with ND Energy, at 574-631-4776 or bvillaro@nd.edu.

Originally published by Barbara Villarosa at on March 11.