Kathleen Sprows Cummings, a University of Notre Dame historian, said Leo probably will be very cautious as he juggles not sounding too American in a global church where the U.S. is considered by many disproportionately wealthy and powerful. Some people are likely to contrast the military parade with the celebration of the pope in Chicago, Cummings said. “I think of course people will see it as a contrast, even if it wasn’t deliberately staged that way,” she said. “These are two very different embodiments of America. … Two very different expressions of America.”